Synthesis of an Antioxidant n-propyl Gallate by Magnetic IronNanoparticles-bound Lipolase

A variety of nano-carriers, nano-particles, nano-fibers, nano-tubes etc. have displayed greater competence to mimic nanoscale environment for the enzyme as compared to microand macro-environments provided by traditional support carriers that have been commonly employed for enzyme immobilization. The porous structured beads (silica, alginate etc.), membranes and fibers (>100 μm) have some inherent drawbacks that include lower stability, enzyme leaching and poor dispersibility. Among various types of nano-particles; the iron based magnetic nano-particles have been used for enzyme immobilization due to their non-toxicity and biocompatibility. Magnetic behavior of iron nano-particles results in the simple and speedy recovery of nanobiocatalyst from reaction mixture and reusability of biocatalyst. Surface modification of magnetic NPs is an important issue that needs consideration prior to immobilization of enzyme onto NPs. Functionalization of NPs with silane is a prerequisite for covalent attachment of enzyme onto modified nano-particles, which prevents enzyme leaching and results in enhanced stability and longer shelf life of enzyme. Monomeric stabilizers, inorganic materials like silica [1,2], gold [3] or gadolinium (III) [4,5] and polymer stabilizers like dextran, carboxymethylated dextran, carboxydextran, starch, arabinogalactan, glycosaminoglycan, sulfonated styrenedivinylbenzene, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, poloxamers, and polyoxamines [6,7] for carrying out surface modification and functionalization of nano-carriers have been reported. Lipases (EC 3.1.1.1) occupy a place of prominence among biocatalysts in a rapidly growing biotechnological and pharmaceutical market owing to their novel and multiple applications in synthetic chemistry.